Public services in bilateral free trade agreements of the EU
| Link(s) zu Dokument(en): | E-Medien Publikation |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
| Format: | Monograph |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
AK Wien
2012
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| Schlagworte: |
Inhaltsangabe:
- Abstract
- Table of contents
- I. Introduction
- II. A primer on public services and trade agreements – What’s all the fuss about?
- 1. Why are public services special?
- 2. Areas of potential conflict between trade agreements and public services
- a) Positive and negative list approaches
- b) Market access and national treatment
- c) Disciplines of domestic regulation
- d) Rules of procurement and subsidies
- e) Regulatory issues and competition law
- f) Summary
- 3. Public services in current trade negotiations
- III. Existing public service exemptions in international trade agreements
- 1. GATS and GATS-type clauses
- 2. Exemption clauses in the EU-Chile and EU-Mexico agreements
- 3. NAFTA and NAFTA-type clauses
- 4. Public utilities clause
- 5. Exemptions clauses applicable to competition law
- IV. Analytical framework
- 1. Substantive scope
- a) Functional definitions
- b) Sector-based categorisations
- c) Hybrid approaches
- (1) Public utilities
- (2) Services of general (economic) interest and other EU law concepts
- d) Assessment
- 2. Level of protection
- a) Complete carve-out
- b) Schedules of commitments or reservations
- c) Exemptions applicable to other obligations
- d) Assessment
- 3. Summary
- V. Models of public service exemptions
- 1. The traditional GATS and EU FTA approach
- 2. The NAFTA approach
- 3. The new EU approach
- a) General exemption for non-economic services of general interest
- b) Reservation for public services or services of general economic interests
- c) Sectoral reservations
- d) Assessment
- VI. Two proposals for reform
- 1. Increasing legal certainty and providing for specific carve-outs
- 2. Providing more flexibility: The case for a simplified modification of commitments
- VII. Conclusion